Copyright law varies internationally, which is especially tricky given we have the internet which can transfer copyrighted material between jurisdictions in the blink of an eye, but this is how one jurisdiction might approach it:
In Germany, there has been a long standing legal dispute between the band Kraftwerk and the musician Moses Pelham about him sampling 2 seconds from Kraftwerk's track "Metall auf Metall" (if you search for this term, you will get a lot of results about the dispute) without permission. This disputed has steadily escalated until it reached European Court of Justice who delivered a judgement establishing a principle that Moses Pelham's use of the sample was legal, and covered by the copyright exemption for "pastiches" (a term that has been mentioned several times in this discussion already).
So, this work here might be a pastiche, meaning a European court might find that there is no compensation due. Or not, who knows, I am not a court and not even a lawyer.
A small addition: With effect from 1 August 2021, the German legislature has amended copyright law to explicitly mention pastiches.
§ 51a Karikatur, Parodie und Pastiche
Zulässig ist die Vervielfältigung, die Verbreitung und die öffentliche Wiedergabe eines veröffentlichten Werkes zum Zweck der Karikatur, der Parodie und des Pastiches. Die Befugnis nach Satz 1 umfasst die Nutzung einer Abbildung oder sonstigen Vervielfältigung des genutzten Werkes, auch wenn diese selbst durch ein Urheberrecht oder ein verwandtes Schutzrecht geschützt ist.
Section 51a Caricature, parody and pastiche
It is permitted to reproduce, distribute and communicate to the public a published work for the purpose of caricature, parody and pastiche. The authorisation under sentence 1 includes the use of an illustration or other reproduction of the work used even if this is itself protected by copyright or a related right.
I think it is heavily edited too because it reads more as human than AI, LLMs are not capable of this coherence though they are good at trite just so stories like this, but if it was generated first why not credit that? But Claude and the original author helped, so why no credit? The little anthropomorphised machines would be sad, and I imagine the original author would be too.
Frog and toad eating cookies is lifted wholesale from the book.
I like how Claude only used the OpenAI account (completely reliable!), and confidently claims ‘the story stays faithful to what actually happened.’ We don’t know the full story, and certainly aren’t going to get it from a press release or a strange analogy involving frog and toad and machines having discussions, emotions etc that we have little evidence for (and most of it from the company involved!). The ‘discussions’ are plucked from chain of thought, which is itself generated after the fact.
I think the article raises interesting questions about trust, but I am also doubtful if the definition of the “incoherent cryptosystem” is useful:
The article argues that Signal is an incoherent cryptosystem, because they ship the E2E-encrypting Signal client (and could, hence, backdoor it) that should protect me, the user, against their own infrastructure snooping on me.
As I understand the definition, we would not have an incoherent cryptosystem if I used a third-party client on Signal's infrastructure. Said Non-Signal client would implement E2E encryption, and use the Signal infrastructure, so the entity running the infrastructure is different from the entity providing the client. But is this any better?
Couldn't “Non-Signal Corp.” be coerced by the government (or decide to build a backdoor for their own gain) just as easily as “Signal”?
So I don't think it matters if the entity distributing the client is the same as the one running the infrastructure. It matters if I trust the client. How to implement this (audits, OSS, version pinning, ...) is still an open question to me.
Signal seems to be quietly warning people away from the service by refusing to update their privacy policy the very first line of which is a clear lie.
I guess you could make a point for using messengers based on open protocols (like Matrix) that have plenty of different client implementations. It doesn't protect you from targeted attacks (it might if you can somehow hide from the outside world which client you're using, or if you write and maintain the client yourself) - but it makes it less likely to be affected if your favourite agency managed to backdoor some random client implementation.
This is precisely why I have autoupdates disabled for my Signal apps. They're on by default, which basically gives Signal-the-org remote code execution on my machine (same as Chrome's built in transparent autoupdate gives Google RCE on your machine).
Copyright law varies internationally, which is especially tricky given we have the internet which can transfer copyrighted material between jurisdictions in the blink of an eye, but this is how one jurisdiction might approach it:
In Germany, there has been a long standing legal dispute between the band Kraftwerk and the musician Moses Pelham about him sampling 2 seconds from Kraftwerk's track "Metall auf Metall" (if you search for this term, you will get a lot of results about the dispute) without permission. This disputed has steadily escalated until it reached European Court of Justice who delivered a judgement establishing a principle that Moses Pelham's use of the sample was legal, and covered by the copyright exemption for "pastiches" (a term that has been mentioned several times in this discussion already).
Wikipedia article (German): https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechtsstreit_zwischen_Moses_Pe...
Press release by the Court of Justice (PDF): https://curia.europa.eu/site/upload/docs/application/pdf/202...
The actual judgement: https://infocuria.curia.europa.eu/tabs/jurisprudence?sort=DO...
A rather long expert opinion from before the judgement (PDF): https://freiheitsrechte.org/uploads/documents/Englische-Doku...
So, this work here might be a pastiche, meaning a European court might find that there is no compensation due. Or not, who knows, I am not a court and not even a lawyer.