From the abstract - "contains in-depth illustrative examples of state-sponsored trolling in seven countries: the United States, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Ecuador, the Philippines, Turkey, and Venezuela. It includes policies that governments and businesses can implement to rein in the digital abuse of individuals, advocates and journalists critical of governments. Though state-sponsored trolling occurs in a variety of countries, they often use similar strategies. These include making death and rape threats, using bots to amplify attacks at scale, using malicious PR firms to disseminate hyper-partisan or libelous disinformation about targets, and spreading doctored images and memes. "